Nervous system I- Nervous system development

Notochord- Formation and Function

The notochord is a hollow tube made out of mesoderm cells that acts as a signalling centre for the early embryo. The notochord induces other cells, particularly in the overlying ectoderm, to proliferate and differentiate. You can read more about the notochord here.

Neural Tube Formation and Derivatives
Neural Crest Formation and Derivatives
Central Nervous System Elements
Peripheral Nervous System Elements

I have covered neural tube and neural crest formation here.

The neural tube is largely responsible for the formation of the brain and spinal cord (i.e. the central nervous system), as well as many motor neurons in the peripheral nervous system. Towards the head, the walls of the neural tube thicken and become folded, forming the brain. In the brain region, the inside of the neural tube becomes the ventricular system, where cerebrospinal fluid circulates. In the spinal cord, the inside of the neural tube becomes the central canal.

The neural crest covers the neural tube during development and is responsible for the formation of many sensory neurons. It is also responsible for the formation of some other structures, such as the adrenal medulla.